Rock-drill.



A. PALMROS.

ROCK DRILL.

APPLICATION FI'LED APR. s, 1908.

Ptented Feb.4,1913.

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, gffw NITED' STATES PngENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER PALMROS, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YRK, ASSIGNOR T THE PNUMELECT TRIC MACHINE COMPANY, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, A CORPORATYION 0F NEW YORK.

BooK-DRILL.

Patented Feb. 4,1913.

Application filed Apri. 6, 1908. Serial No. 425,483.

To all whom it may conce-m Be it-A known that l, ALEX/mmm Pammos, a citizen of Finland, and a resident of Syracuse, in the countv of Onondaga, State of rear, such for instance, as the modied machine disclosed in my said application Serial No. 289,127, and claimed in my divisional application Serial No. 425,185), filed April pointed out in the claims.

'vWhile some of the features of my present invention are applicable to percussion tools for' various industrial purposes, the feature ful` in machines used in positions Where the weight of the fluid pressure-driven reciprocating' parts is largely or wholly opposed to the retracting move-ment, and some of the spectively in the casing of `a converting mechanism and a transverse struttherein?, while the crank of said shaft has bearing in a block C that slides transversely in. a crossthe rod and carries on its extreme end a bit socket l5, these parts making up the tool carrying element D.`

Communicating With'the rear end of cyl.-

5 New York, have invented certain new and details of my present invention are speciallv 60 useful Improvements in Rock-Drills, of designed for this type of machine. I-have, which the following is a specification. therefore, shown my improvements em- My invention relates to percussion tools in bodied,l by way 'of illustration, in a mawhich a fluid pressure medium developedin chine designed to perform the functions 'of the machine is caused to act against the. pisand to be operated after the manner of an 65 ton of a reciprocating bit-carrying element' ordinary rock-drill. to develop the working stroke therein, such In said drawings, Figure 1 isa longitudifer instance, as the machine described in my nal section through the machine in the plane application Serial No. 289,127, tiled Novemof the axes of the pistons and the. feed screw.

l5 ber 125, 1905, whereir a constant-ly driven Fig. Q is an exterior' View seen from a posi 70 prt.assure-deve]oping listen, by its retracting tion above Fig. 1. strckr, exercises ret-racting iniiuence over The several parts of the complete ma the pressuredriven piston, and simulta- Chin@ may be represented by- A, B, C and D, neously compresses a body of air, until near A boing thelprime mover, preferably of a completion of the retraction, when the comrotating type in 'the form of an electric 75 ,pressed fluidV is released into the space bemotor, B beingvthe mechanism for translattWeen 'the pistons and acts eXpansively ying rotary motion into a right-line reciprol against the pressuredriven piston to deeating movement, C being the portion for velo'p the n orking stroke. developing and utilizing air pressure ex'- f More specifically, my present invention repansively, and D being the tool carrying 80 lates to means for aiding t-he retraction of element.

\ the pressure-driven piston, by applying Motion from the electric motor or other thereto a 'force more efficient than the mere prime mover is transmitted through pinions atmospheric pressure acting against its for- 1, 2 and 3 to a crank shaft 4, which is jour- Ward face as the air is exhaustedfrom its naled in ball bearings 4a 4b, located r 85 1th, i908, wherein a fluid pressure storage head 7 fitted between guides-8 in said casing. 90- charnber or valve chest is so connected, and As the crank revolves, the block 6 `yields so controlled in its connections with the transversely to the transverse portion of its housing cylinder of the pressure-driven pis, travel, 'while its full stroke in the direction ton, thm-.fluid under pressure is received and of the axis of the machine is imparted to 40 stored during or after the Working stroke,` the cross-lead 7. 9 represents a piston rod 95 but dclveredto the forward face of said rigidly c nnected at its rear end With the pistonl during retraction. crosshead 7, and at its forward end with My present invention consists in adapting the driving or compressing piston 10, which these principles to a vertical machine such is suitably housed in the cylinder 1l of the as a rock drill; also in certain novel features air compressing and utilizing element of the 100 of construction whereby the several objects Inachine. Also housed in the cylinder 11 is are attained; also certain novel features of a. driven piston 12 to which is connected the construction of other parts of a machine of rod 13 of the tool carrying'element, which this general type, all of which will be here- Works through a known type of rifle bearing inafter `fully described and particularly 14, so as to impart a step-by-step rotation to 105 ,inder ll, that is theend thereof adjacent the 110 of reinforced retraction is pa'i'ticularly usedriving gear is an air inlet port, having a check valve 16 held normally closed by a spring 17 and having the rear end of its rod 'in impingement with a cam 18' mounted on the crank shaft 4. When the piston 10 moves forward, valve 16 is positively opened by the cam 18 and thus admits a full charge of air, notwithstandingr the loading of the valve by the spring 17 moreover, the means thus provided for positively opening 'the'valve insures its opening at the right moment. After the piston 10 has completed its forward stroke and returns, it compresses the body ofl air behind it up to great denv -sity.; at the same time its forward stroke has exhausted the air between the pistons to such an extent that suction is exerted on the piston 12 and the pistons move rearward toether. f g The part of the cylinder located to the rear of piston 1() will in' the following be designated as 'the compression chamber, and the part of the-cylinder between pistons lOand l2 as the expansion chamber.

When the pistons on the rearward stroke reach the position shown in F ig. 1, a port 19 is uncovered by the piston 10, and releases into the space between the pistons that is the expansion chamber the highly compressed body of air that now escapes from behind piston 1U through! the bypass 19a, and piston 12 is driven forward with great force under the expansive action of this air, and delivers the working stroke of the machine.

20 represents a storage chamber which communicates with the expansion chamber, through a port-21 and with the space forward of the driven piston through port 22. Said forward space also communicates through a port 23 with atmosphere which permits the escape of air in advance of the driven piston during its working stroke. Located in the storage chamber 2() and iitted in the cylindrical portions thereof are slide valves 241, and 25, whose stem 26 eX- tends rearward and is brought under the influence of a spring 27, which Atends to move the valves rearward and terminates in y an anti-frictionbearing head 28 which receives a cam 29 'on the upper end of the crank shaft 4. Cam 29 is designed so as to close the ports 21 and 22 during the working stroke of the piston 12, but to open port- 23 at such time, so that piston 12 receives 'the full driving force of the expanding bod'y of air. At the completion of said stroke, however, the cam permits the valve to move rearward under the-action of spring 27 a sucient distance toopen port 21 sol that whentlie piston 12 `is followed up by the forward movement of piston 10, the com'- paratively dense air between the pistons'is displaced through port 21 into-the chamber 20 and said chamber becomes charged with air which is increased in density in inverse ratio to the reduction in its volume resulting from being displaced from the relatively large space between the cylinders into the small storage chamber. Before'piston-lO begins to return, valve 16 is permitted to which moves valves24 and 25 to their forward limit, `closingr the chargingY port 21 and the exhaust port 23, and opening discharge :port 22 between chamber 20 and the forward end of cylinder 1l. The piston 12 is thus subjected to a positive drive in the rearwardor retracting direction under the action of the expandingvbody of air in the chamber 20.

It will be understood'that in a rock drill to which my invention is shown adapted, f

. the general position of the parts is vertical so that the weight of the reciprocating members, together with such length of bit or rod extension as-may be used in practice, has to be overcome during the retracting stroke of the machine. In this connection, a positive rearward or upward drive becomes very important in keeping up the promptness of piston stroke which is essential rto the success of a percussion-machine.

30 represents an anti-friction bearing which guides the reciprocating tool-carryingv rod 13 and 3l represents an anti-friction bearing which supports vertically and guides laterally the rifle member 14 when rotating during the forward stroke of the machine.

lainis- In a percussion machine, the combination of a positively reciprocated piston, a second piston adapted to percussively actuate a tool, a cylinder in which said pistons are housed, said cylinder providing a compiession chamber in rear of said positively Vreciprocated pistom said positively reciproeating piston developing driving pressure in said compression chamber for saidysecond piston, means releasing the pressure so developed against the second piston and a positively actuated and timedvalve, opening the compression chamber to the atmosphere previous to compression for supplying the pressure medium.

" 2. In a percussion machine,`the combination of a positively reciprocatedpiston, av second piston adapted to pe'rcussively ac-V tuate a tool, a cylinder in which said pistons .are housed, said cylinder providing a compression` chamber in rear of said posi.- tively reciprocated piston and an expansion chamber between said pistons, said positively reciprocating piston developing driving pressure in said compression chamber for said second piston,ineans releasing the pressure so developed into the expansion chamber and a positively actuated and timed valve, opening tliecompression chamber to the ainiospliere previous to compression tor supplying the pressure medium.

El. In a percussion machine, the combination of a positively reciprocated piston and a 'piston adapted `to percussively actuate a tool, a compression chamber in which the positively i'eciprocated piston develops driving pressure for the tool actuating piston, an expansion chamber in which pressure so developed acts expansively against the tool actuating piston, means releasing the pressure medium into the expansion chamber and a positively actuated timed valve, supplying pressure-medium to said compression chamber; and means for exhausting fluid medium from in front el the tcoi'actuating piston during the expansion action of the pressure medium.

el, A inachfue of the class described comprising independently reciprocable tool-operaling and fluid-compressing pistons, a cylinder in which said pistons are fitted, viding a tight compression chamber in rear ot' the compressing" piston, and an expansion chamber between the pistons, said cylinder also having a 1oy-pass adapted to conduct fluid Jfrom said conipression chamber to said expansion chamber and means for exhausting lluid directly int-o the atmosphere in advance of the tool eperatiiig piston during its entire forward stroke, whereby the percussion stroke of the tool operating piston is developed by theexpansive action of the pressure fluid medium, and means for conducting tluid under pressure to the front of the tool operating piston for retracting said piston.

5. In a percussion machine, the combination of a positively rcciprocated piston and a piston adapted lo pcrcussively actuate a tool, a compression chamber iii which the positively reciprocated piston develops driving pressure for the tool actuating piston, an expansion chamber in which pressure so developed acts expansively against the tool actuating piston, means-releasing the pressure medium into the expansion chamber and a positively actuated timed valve, supply`*'ii'ig pressure-medi um to said compicssioi'i chamber; and-means for exhausting fluid medium from in front of 'the tool actuating piston during the expansive action of the pressure medium, and thereafter sul'iplying portion of thc ex'pansively acting pressure medium, under pressure to the forward Pface of the tool actuating piston.

G. In a percussion machine, the combination of a, positively reciprocated piston and a piston adapted to percussively actua-te a tool, a con'iprcssion chamber in which the positively reci procated piston develops dri ving pressure for the tool actuating piston, an

expansion chamber in which pressure so developed acts expansively against the tool actuating piston, means releasing the pressure medium into the expansion chamber and a positively actuated timed valve, sup-,

plying pressure-medium to said compression chamber; and means for exhausting fluid medium in front of the tool actuating piston Aduring the expansive action ot' vthe pressure medium, and thereafter supplying a portion of the expansively acting pressure medium, under pressure, to the forward face of the tool actuating piston during an iiiing piston on its.pressurei-developing stroke to that side of the pressure driven piston opposite to the side receiving pressure to develop the percussion stroke.

8. A machine of the class described coinprising a casing provided with a cylinder, operating mechanism Within the casing, tool operating and fluid compressing pistons independently reciprocable in said cylinder, an auxiliary chamber adjacent said cylinder in Which air is compressed by" the out-stroke of Said compressing piston, positively driven means for periodically admitting compressio-ii fluid within said cylinder, said lluid adapted to be compressed on the in-sti-oke of the compressing piston whereby to ell'ect the percssion stroke of the tool operating -pistornand ineaiisopci'able thrcingh the operating mechanism 't'or a-fln'iilling the compressed air Within the auxiliary chamln-r into the cylinder whereby to retract the (nel operating piston.' .i

9. In a ercussion machine, the combination of a liiid pressure-driven tool-carrying element, a fluid pressure-developing means, an inlet valve lfor the lluid pressure-developing means, means holdingr said valve nor-' mally closed, actuating mechanism for the fluid pressure-developingmeans, and a cam carried by the actuating means and constructed to open thc inlet valve.

l0. 'In a percussion tool, the combination of a suitablyhoused tool-carrying piston, a suitably housed `fluid pressurc-dcveloping piston, a-storage chamber having ports .for coinnniiiication with the housing of the fluid pressure-driven piston at loints on opposite sides thereof When the piston isV in its for- -ward position, a separatist-port between the housing and the atmosphereadjacent 'the forward end of the housing, valves controlling the respective ports, an actuating mechanism for the fluid pressure-developing piston, and a cam carried by said actuating mechanism cont-rolling the positions of said valves.

11. In a vertical percussion implement,

piston, means developing iuid pressure to drive the same, a storage chamber constructed With cylindrical portions atfopposite ends thereof, valves fitted in said cylin- 5 the combination ot' the fluid pressure-driven drical portions, ports at the ends of said tool-carrying piston, performing its percusstorage chamber controlled by said valves sion stroke in thedirection of gravitation, and communicating between'said chamber means for exhausting fluid to the atmosphere and said housing of the pressure-driven pisin advance of said tool-carrying piston durton onv opposite sides of the latter When in 10 ing its percussion strokes, a Huid pressureits forward position, a port communicating developing means, an actuating .mechanism :for -the fiuid ,pressure-developing means,v a pressure fluid storage vchamber having a passage communicating with the lower face of the pressure-driven piston', means opening communication between the storage chamber and said Alower face of the fluidl pressure-driven piston, during retraction of the latter, and means supplying pressure fluid to said chamber from the pressure-de' veloping means. 1

12. In a percussion tool, the combination 4oi a suitably housed fluid pressure-driven with the atmosphere at the' forward end of said housing control-lcd by one of said. valves,

mechanism for operating the fluid pressuredeveloping means and means through which said operating mechanisml also operates the valve. of the pressure Huid storage chamber.

The foregoing specification signed at Syra- A euse, N. vY., this 23 day of March, 1908. v ALEXANDER PALMRos..

` rIn' presence ot two Witnesses: ELLA M. DoUGA-LL, HiRRY BARRY.'-

DISCLAIMER- following Words, to Wit:

To that part which is included in claims Lland 1,052,373.1-Aleander Palmros, Syracus'QN. Y. Roon-DRILL; Patent dated Feb- Disclaimer led September 19, 1913, by the patentes, with 'con- K currence of' the assignee, The Pneumelectrc Mack/ne Company.

11 of' this patent, which is i-n the 4. A machine of the class described comprising independently reciprocable` tooly operating and fluid-compressing pistons, a cylinder in 'which said pistons are tted, providing a tight compression chamber in rear of the compmssing'piston,l and an expansion chamber between the pistons, said cylinder also having a by-pass adapted to conduct fluid from said compression chamber to said expansion chamber and means for exhausting 'fluid'directly into the atmosphere in advance ot' the tooloperating piston during its entire forward stroke, whereby the percussion stroke oi the tool operating piston is developed by the expansive action of the pressure fiuid medium, and means for conducting Huid under pressure to the front of' the tool operating piston for retraeting said piston. p 11. In a vertical percussion implement, the combination of the uid pressuredriven tool-carrying piston, perfor-ming its percussion stroke in the direction of gravitation, means for exhausting fiuid to the atmosphere in advance of said toolcarrying piston during its percussion strokes, a fluid pressure-developing means, an actuating mechanism for the fluid pressure-developing means, a pressure fluid stor-` age chamber having a passage communicating with the lower face of' the pressuredriven piston, means opening eonnnunication between the storage chamber and said lower tace of the'fiuid pressure-driven piston, during retraction ofthe latteigiand means supplying pressure fluid to said chamber from the p'ressure-developing means.1

OFFICIAL GAZETTE, fuel-'Member 30, 1913. l

ing piston, and a cam carried by said actuating mechanism cont-rolling the positions of said valves.

11. In a vertical percussion implement,

piston, means developing iuid pressure to drive the same, a storage chamber constructed With cylindrical portions atfopposite ends thereof, valves fitted in said cylin- 5 the combination ot' the fluid pressure-driven drical portions, ports at the ends of said tool-carrying piston, performing its percusstorage chamber controlled by said valves sion stroke in thedirection of gravitation, and communicating between'said chamber means for exhausting fluid to the atmosphere and said housing of the pressure-driven pisin advance of said tool-carrying piston durton onv opposite sides of the latter When in 10 ing its percussion strokes, a Huid pressureits forward position, a port communicating developing means, an actuating .mechanism :for -the fiuid ,pressure-developing means,v a pressure fluid storage vchamber having a passage communicating with the lower face of the pressure-driven piston', means opening communication between the storage chamber and said Alower face of the fluidl pressure-driven piston, during retraction of the latter, and means supplying pressure fluid to said chamber from the pressure-de' veloping means. 1

12. In a percussion tool, the combination 4oi a suitably housed fluid pressure-driven with the atmosphere at the' forward end of said housing control-lcd by one of said. valves,

mechanism for operating the fluid pressuredeveloping means and means through which said operating mechanisml also operates the valve. of the pressure Huid storage chamber.

The foregoing specification signed at Syra- A euse, N. vY., this 23 day of March, 1908. v ALEXANDER PALMRos..

` rIn' presence ot two Witnesses: ELLA M. DoUGA-LL, HiRRY BARRY.'-

DISCLAIMER- following Words, to Wit:

To that part which is included in claims Lland 1,052,373.1-Aleander Palmros, Syracus'QN. Y. Roon-DRILL; Patent dated Feb- Disclaimer led September 19, 1913, by the patentes, with 'con- K currence of' the assignee, The Pneumelectrc Mack/ne Company.

11 of' this patent, which is i-n the 4. A machine of the class described comprising independently reciprocable` tooly operating and fluid-compressing pistons, a cylinder in 'which said pistons are tted, providing a tight compression chamber in rear of the compmssing'piston,l and an expansion chamber between the pistons, said cylinder also having a by-pass adapted to conduct fluid from said compression chamber to said expansion chamber and means for exhausting 'fluid'directly into the atmosphere in advance ot' the tooloperating piston during its entire forward stroke, whereby the percussion stroke oi the tool operating piston is developed by the expansive action of the pressure fiuid medium, and means for conducting Huid under pressure to the front of' the tool operating piston for retraeting said piston. p 11. In a vertical percussion implement, the combination of the uid pressuredriven tool-carrying piston, perfor-ming its percussion stroke in the direction of gravitation, means for exhausting fiuid to the atmosphere in advance of said toolcarrying piston during its percussion strokes, a fluid pressure-developing means, an actuating mechanism for the fluid pressure-developing means, a pressure fluid stor-` age chamber having a passage communicating with the lower face of' the pressuredriven piston, means opening eonnnunication between the storage chamber and said lower tace of the'fiuid pressure-driven piston, during retraction ofthe latteigiand means supplying pressure fluid to said chamber from the p'ressure-developing means.1

OFFICIAL GAZETTE, fuel-'Member 30, 1913. l 

